Stress triggers addictive habits like overeating, smoking and drinking. "It's hard to pull stress apart from other things, because stress triggers many of the standard risk factors like smoking and poor diet,'' says Sheldon Cohen, psychology professor at Carnegie Mellon University and the lead author of the JAMA commentary. "But it may be really quite an important predictor of health."
Stress also has a more physiologic effect on the body as it releases cortisol, a stress hormone that may weaken the body's immune defenses. The Carnegie Mellon, study asked volunteers about the stress in their lives and then injected them with a cold virus. Those participants who had reported very little chronic stress didn't get sick - but volunteers who said they experienced chronic stress for a month or longer were at far higher risk of falling sick.
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