Nutrition For The Elderly Geriatric nutrition - Changing needs - Adapting diet and lifestyle for better health

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Vitamins and minerals: Illnesses stress the body and deplete it of vitamins and minerals leading to deficiencies. Many medicines also interfere with these nutrients, thus increasing the need for vitamins and minerals.
- Osteoporosis and associated fractures are a major cause of concern for the elderly. Menopause accelerates bone loss in women. Calcium intake up to age 50 years should be 1000 mg/day, which must increase to 1200 mg/day after that. Most seniors do not get sufficient calcium because they are weary of milk consumption. Many of them do not get adequate exposure to sunlight which results in a deficiency of vitamin D. Calcium, vitamin D and physical activity are crucial in maintaining bone health. Non fat milk powder, yogurt, low fat cheese, cottage cheese, broccoli and ragi flour can be used to provide calcium. Sunlight, fish, fortified foods, egg, liver beef and cheese are good sources of vitamin D. if adequate vitamin D is not consumed, supplementation may be an option.
- A decrease in gastric secretion reduces the absorption of iron and vitamin B12. Inclusion of iron rich foods like lean red meats, organ meats and green leafy vegetables along with vitamin C rich foods (to improve absorption of iron) help to improve iron status.
- Vitamin B12 is associated with depression, neurological disorders, memory loss and age related hearing loss in older adults. B12 rich foods include, meat, poultry, fish, eggs and dairy foods(refer to the section on Top 10 foods)
- Zinc, vitamins C and E and beta-carotene may help prevent or slow the onset of age-related macular degeneration. Eating at least 2-3 servings of fruits and vegetables is the best way to obtain these vital nutrients. Vitamin E may also prevent the development of Alzheimer's.
- The body's immune system declines with age. The immune system can be improved by increasing the intake of nutrients such as vitamin B6, zinc, and vitamin E.

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User Comments

14 December, 2011 | Pat | Reply

My doctor offhandly remarked that at my age (one month short of 70) I need more oil in my diet. I've spent 69 years trying not to "overdo". What would be the purpose of the oil? Does it help ward off dementia? What foods should I be concentrating on.

15 December, 2011 | Poonam Vaswani | Reply

Hello Pat,
The body needs a certain amount of oils/fats. Fats perform several vital functions in the body, like being a vehicle for fat soluble vitamins - A,D,E and K, providing lubrication, maintaining body temperature, skin and hair health, helping in synthesis of hormones etc. So, one should not cut down on oil/fat consumption drastically. It is of course important to avoid saturated fats, cholesterol rich foods and trans fats. One should concentrate on healthy sources of fats like fatty fish,avocados,seeds, walnuts, almonds, flaxseed, olive oil, canola and soyabean oil. These are beneficial in improving the lipid profile (thus prevent heart disease), prevent dementia and depression, are antiinflammatory (thus help with arthritis and joint pain) and help in maintaining healthy skin.

02 August, 2011 | Steve Joseph | Reply

Hi and greetings,
I am hoping you can help,my girlfriend and I currently caring for her elderly father(93 yrs old).He has heart failure and the only thing keeping him alive is his pacemaker,as a result of his heart condition,his circulation to his feet are almost non exsistent, i.e. no pulse in his feet.He recently injured a toe and had to have the toe nail removed, now the wound won't heal.The doctors treating him decided to amputate the leg above the knee, and then later decide not to as he was too frail and also the wound responded to the anti-biotics that he received via a drip.
Please could you suggest a diet and the frequentcy of the diet as we are having trouble getting him to eat.
Many Thanks and God Bless
Steve Joseph.

19 January, 2011 | Parthasarathy | Reply

Dear Madam I am around 75 yrs and I am a vegetarian. I find that I pass a lot of flatus (gas) and feel very uncomfortable on one hand and embarrassed on the other. What are the foods I need to avoid to reduce gas.I would be very grateful if you can help me.
Thank you
regard
s

03 February, 2011 | vaishali s. (diet counsillor) | Reply

Sir, I would like to suggest some relief measures for your flatulance problem. The foods which you can avoid are potatoes, sago, cabbage, white refined flour, polished rice, black gram daal and fried snacks. Include more of citrus fruits, brown rice, fibre rich cereals and leafy vegetables. Avoid eating after 8.3o p.m. Have regular walks everyday.

03 February, 2011 | Mrinal | Reply

Thank you Vaishali.
This is great advice.

13 January, 2011 | Bhuvaneshwaran | Reply

I drink about 3-4 glasses of water a day, two cups of green tea, 1 or two cups of juice and 1 glass of buttermilk. Is this sufficient fluid and water intake for a 68 yr old male or do I require more. Please let me know.

12 January, 2011 | Vijayalakshmi Iyengar | Reply

Like many elderly people if you do not drink much water, as you don't feel thirsty, see which one or combination works for drinking more water
• Welcome the day with a cup of warm water
• Drink a cup of water about ½ hour before meals.
• Drink a full glass of water when you take your medication. This is best for most medications, unless specified otherwise by your doctor
• If you go out carry a water bottle with you always and keep drinking/sipping regularly as you will realise how much you lose by perspiration and 1 cup after coming indoors

12 January, 2011 | Shastri | Reply

I am 73 yrs old and I am a vegetarian with Lactose Intolerance. I was told that I have B12 deficiency. So please tell me the B12 rich foods that I can include and how much of each, as milk, eggs and meat are not going to be included in my diet

13 January, 2011 | Poonam | Reply

Hello Mr Shastri,
Unfortunately, very few vegetarian foods contain Vitamin B12. Milk is one of them, but since you cannot tolerate milk, you could have enough yogurt/curd/cheese to make up for it. Since you are B12 deficient, you will need to either take supplements or injections to bring your B12 status to normal. The number of injections will depend on your current levels.

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Tags: Alzheimers & Nutrition, Anemia, Chronic Lifestyle Diseases, Healthy Lifestyle, Nutrition, Osteoporosis, Seniors Health

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